Iyo Chlorpyrifos Era iri Kusvika Kumagumo, uye Kutsvaga kweNzira Itsva Kwave Kusvika

Date: 2022-03-15

Musi waNyamavhuvhu 30, 2021, iyo US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) yakapa Regulation 2021-18091, iyo inobvisa miganho yakasara yechlorpyrifos.

Kubva pane iripo data iripo uye kufunga nezve mashandisirwo echlorpyrifos akanyoreswa. EPA haigone kugumisa kuti njodzi yekufumurwa yese inokonzerwa nekushandisa chlorpyrifos inosangana nekuchengetedza zviyero zve "Federal Food, Drug, uye Cosmetic Act”. Naizvozvo, EPA yakabvisa miganho yese yakasara yechlorpyrifos.

Mutemo wekupedzisira uyu unoshanda kubva muna Gumiguru 29, 2021, uye kushivirira kwechlorpyrifos muzvinhu zvese kuchapera musi wa28 Kukadzi 2022. Zvinoreva kuti chlorpyrifos haigone kuonekwa kana kushandiswa mune zvese zvigadzirwa muUnited States kubva Kukadzi 28, 2022. . Huisong Pharmaceuticals yapindura zvakanaka kumutemo weEPA uye inoramba ichinyatso gadzirisa kuongororwa kwezvisaririra zvezvipembenene muDhipatimendi redu reHunhu kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvese zvinotengeswa kuUS hazvina chlorpyrifos.

Chlorpyrifos yave ichishandiswa kwemakore anopfuura makumi mana uye yakanyoreswa kushandiswa munyika dzinoda kusvika zana pazvirimwa zvinodarika makumi mashanu. Kunyangwe chlorpyrifos yakaunzwa kunyanya kutsiva yechinyakare ine muchetura organophosphorus mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, pane tsvakiridzo yakawedzera inoratidza kuti chlorpyrifos ichine zvakasiyana-siyana zvingangoitika zvenguva refu muchetura mhedzisiro, kunyanya inoshambadzirwa zvakanyanya neurodevelopmental toxicity. Nekuda kwezvinhu izvi zvine chepfu, Chlorpyrifos uye chlorpyrifos-methyl zvave zvichidikanwa kuti zvirambidzwe neEuropean Union kubva 2020. Saizvozvo, sezvo chlorpyrifos kuratidzwa kungangokonzera kukuvadzwa kwetsinga kuuropi hwevana (kwakabatana neurodevelopmental toxicity), California Environmental Protection Agency. yasvikawo chibvumirano nemugadziri kuti ave nechirambidzo chakakwana pakutengeswa nekushandiswa kwechlorpyrifos kutanga musi wa 6 Kukadzi 2020. Dzimwe nyika dzakaita seCanada, Australia neNew Zealand dziri kuwedzerawo nhamburiko dzadzo dzekuongorora zvakare chlorpyrifos, ne zviziviso zvekurambidza chlorpyrifos zvakatoburitswa muIndia, Thailand, Malaysia neMyanmar. Zvinotendwa kuti chlorpyrifos inogona kurambidzwa munyika dzakawanda.

Kukosha kwechlorpyrifos mukuchengetedza zvirimwa kunonyanya kuoneka muEurope neNorth America, uko kurambidzwa kwayo kushandiswa kwakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru mukugadzirwa kwekurima. Mazhinji emapoka ezvekurima muUnited States aratidza kuti achakuvara zvisingagadzirike kana chlorpyrifos ikarambidzwa zvirimwa zvekudya. Muna Chivabvu 2019, iyo California Dhipatimendi rePesticide Regulation yakatanga kumisa kushandiswa kwepesticide chlorpyrifos. Kukanganisa kwehupfumi hwekubvisa chlorpyrifos pazvirimwa zvitanhatu zvikuru zveCalifornia (alfalfa, maapricots, citrus, donje, mazambiringa, uye walnuts) yakakura. Naizvozvo, rave basa rakakosha kutsvaga nzira nyowani dzinoshanda, dzakaderera-chepfu uye dzine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza kuedza kudzoreredza kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kwakakonzerwa nekubviswa kwechlorpyrifos.